Preheat oven to 400°F (200°C).
Place butter in a large roasting pan and melt it in the oven. Swirl to coat the bottom.
Add chicken pieces, potatoes, and unpeeled garlic cloves to the pan. Season with salt and pepper. Toss to coat in butter.
Roast uncovered for 40 minutes, basting with pan juices about 3 times.
Brush maple syrup over the chicken and spoon pan drippings over the potatoes.
Return to oven and roast 20 more minutes, until chicken is browned and tender and reaches 165°F internally.
Squeeze roasted garlic from skins and spread over chicken before serving. Spoon pan juices over everything.